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HomeMy WebLinkAboutJacksons Food Store VAR 07-002 BEFORE THE MERIDIAN CITY COUNCIL IN THE MATTER OF THE REQUEST FOR VARIANCE FROM UDC 11-3H-4B2 TO ALLOW ) ) ) THE CONSTRUCTION OF RIGHT ) TURN ONLY ACCESS TO N. EAGLE RD ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) FOR JACKSON'S FOOD STORES, INC. APPLICANT C/C 03/13/07 Case No. V AR 07-002 FINDINGS OF FACT AND CONCLUSIONS OF LAW AND DECISION AND ORDER OF DENIAL The above entitled variance application having come on for public hearing on February 27,2007, at the hour of7:00 o'clock p.m. at Meridian City Hall, 33 East Idaho Avenue, Meridian, Idaho. Anna Canning, City Planning and Zoning Director for the Planning and Zoning Department, and Jack Davis of Jackson's Food Stores, Inc., appeared and testified, and the City Council having duly considered the evidence and the record in this matter therefore make the following Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law, and Decision and Order: FINDINGS OF FACT 1. The notice of public hearing on the application for annexation and zoning was published for two (2) consecutive weeks prior to said public hearings scheduled for February 27,2007, before the City Council, the first publication appearing and written notice having been mailed to property owners or purchasers of record within three hundred (300') feet ofthe external boundaries ofthe property under consideration more than fifteen (15) days prior to said hearings and with the notice of public hearings having FINDINGS OF FACT AND CONCLUSIONS OF LAW AND DECISION AND ORDER OF DENIAL VARIANCE FOR JACKSON'S FOOD STORES, INe; CASE NO. V AR 07-002 PAGE 1 OF 5 been posted upon the property under consideration more than one week before said hearing; and that copies of all notices were made available to newspaper, radio and television stations as public service announcements; and the matter having been duly considered by the City Council on February 27,2007, public hearing; and the applicant, affected property owners, and government subdivisions provided services within the planning jurisdiction of the City of Meridian, having been given full opportunity to express comments and submit evidence. 2. There has been compliance with all notice and hearing requirements set forth in Idaho Code 9967-6509 and 67-6511, and 9 II-SA, Municipal Code of the City of Meridian. 3. The City Council takes judicial notice of its zoning, subdivisions and development ordinances codified at Title 11, Municipal Code of the City of Meridian, and all current zoning maps thereof, and the Amended Comprehensive Plan ofthe City of Meridian adopted August 6, 2002, Resolution No. 02-382, and maps and the ordinance Establishing the Impact Area Boundary. 4. The property is generally located at 3291 E. Pine Street, Meridian, Idaho, (Lot 1, Block 1, Pork Park Subdivision No.1) in the SW 1,4 of Section 9, Township 3 North, Range 1 East, Boise Meridian, Ada County, Idaho. 5. Jackson's Food Stores, Inc., whose address is P.O. Box 610, Meridian, Idaho 83642, is the current property owner and the applicant. 6. The Applicant requests a variance from UDC 11-3H-4B2, which prohibits direct access to a state highway, to allow construction of a right-turn only direct access to FINDINGS OF FACT AND CONCLUSIONS OF LAW AND DECISION AND ORDER OF DENIAL VARIANCE FOR JACKSON'S FOOD STORES, INC; CASE NO. V AR 07-002 PAGE 2 OF 5 N. Eagle Road. The property which is the subject ofthis application is within the City of Meridian. CONCLUSIONS OF LAW 1. The City of Meridian shall exercise the powers conferred upon it by the "Local Land Use Planning Act of 1975," codified at Chapter 65, Title 67, Idaho Code (I.C. 967-6503). 2. The Meridian City Council shall apply the standards listed in Idaho Code 967-6516 and all the findings listed in Section 11-5B-4.E of the UDC to review the variance request. In order to grant a variance, the Council shall make the following findings: a. The Variance shall not grant a right or special privilege that is not otherwise allowed in the district. b. The variance relieves an undue hardship because of characteristics of the site. c. The variance shall not be detrimental to the public health, safety and welfare. 3. Due consideration has been given to the comment(s) received from the governmental subdivisions providing services in the City of Meridian planning jurisdiction. 4. That this denial is in accordance with the attached Staff Report for the hearing date of February 27,2007, incorporated by reference. FINDINGS OF FACT AND CONCLUSIONS OF LAW AND DECISION AND ORDER OF DENIAL VARIANCE FOR JACKSON'S FOOD STORES, INC; CASE NO. V AR 07-002 PAGE 3 OF 5 DECISION AND ORDER NOW, THEREFORE, BASED UPON THE ABOVE AND FOREGOING FINDINGS OF FACT AND CONCLUSIONS OF LAW, the City Council does hereby order and this does order: That the application for annexation and zoning is denied for the following reasons: The proposed variance request does not meet the burden as set forth in Idaho Code 967-6516 and all the findings listed in Section 11-5B-4.E of the UDC. By action of the City Council at its regular meeting held on the 20""" day of March, 2007. DATED: MOTION: APPROVED: FINDINGS OF FACT AND CONCLUSIONS OF LAW AND DECISION AND ORDER OF DENIAL VARIANCE FOR JACKSON'S FOOD STORES, INC; CASE NO. V AR 07-002 PAGE 4 OF 5 ,\\ \ \ \ '\ '~,~,~ ~ ~;:,~I :~:_!: {/ J'//.. ATTEST: ,>">{ C, ."Cj;~>):~:-. ............' r):" ........='""':.~~~-:--~""......~~\...;;,~~i." -<;, ~ ~ v Oh<'0,"o, -, 'I-' <-, .... ~ .,0 -. '..~>, 'j .:;:.. a--~~ ,9+ ,,- ccc-- c -6 \ . :: ~ .~~~...:."":'~_:..;,J .:: CITY CLERK ~ YG- /)) [i ~ -- -4t I\'~' 0 ::.~- -" '~. :3.... 1C"'- "", "/ ' ~" ............""...... -" It~. -::-- ........ ~ .("",{',' ..../ ~ '"' // \\ Copy served upon Applicant, the Plannirtg , ~f>>pft-1Jepartment, Public Works Department, and City Attorney. By: g " ./1 v[JJ rYl~;41~ City Clerk's Office Dated: 03-22-07 FINDINGS OF FACT AND CONCLUSIONS OF LAW AND DECISION AND ORDER OF DENIAL VARIANCE FOR JACKSON'S FOOD STORES, INC.; CASE NO. V AR 07-002 PAGE 5 OF 5 FEB 2 r 2007 ` 8920698 rra it' City ofMeridiatt - Rt;BERT L. TRABERT�.Ci�CfMerid in Chief Legal Counse _ rr."Fp PATRICK ;q. FANNING - STEVEN M. PARRY APR 2 : 19d, Attorneys !OFAJ Idaho T.ansportati"on Department Byr-�a!CCACDA, Ct rs P.O. Box 7129 CC F,57ti�.�uk ccaurr Boise, Idaho 83707-1129 Telephone: (208) 334-8815 IN THE DISTRICT COURT OF THE FOURTH JUDI-2IAL DISTRICT OF THE STATE OF IDAHO, IN AND FOR THE COUNTY OF ADA THE STATE OF IDAHO, ex ref, ) JOHN M. OHMAN, MARION ) DAVIDSON and PHIL BATT, ) IDAHO TRANSPORTATION BOARD, ) Plaintiff, ) -vs- ) ) JOHN DOBARAN and ARVELLA ) DCOARAN, husband and wife; and JOE DOBARAN, a single ) man, Defendants Case No. 91481 SECOND JUDGMENT AND DECREE OF CONDEMNATION THIS COURT on the 11 �hday Of April, P 1989, having entered Judgment adjudging that the Defendants have and recover lercin the State of Idaho the sum of Fourteen Thousand Five Hundred Fifty -One and 86/100 Dollars ($14,551.86), including interest and costs of suit, and the Plaintiff having fully satisfied said judgment; NOW THEREFORE, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED, ADJUDGED AND DECREED: 1• That the use to which the property condemned herein, and hereinafter described, gill be Put. to -wit, a public highway, is 3 r -blic use and authorized by law. r (, Si;COND JUDGMENT AND DECREE OF CONDEMNATION - I EXHIBIT N. 2. ' That the taking of the property and property right_ condemned herein, and hereinafter described, is necessary to and for the construction of that certain public highway known as State Highway No. 55, Project Uo. F-FR-3271(44). ' 3. That the hereinafter described property and property ty rights be, and the same are condemned and taken by and for the use of the State of Idaho. 4. That the property condemned and takefl herein is situate in Ada County, State of Idaho, and is more particularly described as follows: See Exhibit "A" attached hereto and made a part hereof. 5. Plaintiff will construct at its sole cost and e ' xpense, one 40-foot approach at Station 89r1,','.17 (easterly) side of Project F-FR-3271 (44) . 6. Plaintiff hereby grants to Defendants or their successors or assigns the right to construct in the future, for development purposes on the property, a right of access for a foot wide right -Of -way for a 41-60- foot back-to-back of curb public street approach between 86+00 and 98+50. The cost of` construction of the this approach shall be at Defendants or their successors or assigns the expense of 7• Plaintiff grants to further � the Defendants or their successors or assigns the right to close the access points referred to in Paragraphs 5 and 6 of this Judgment and construct, at its sole expense and cost, a right of access for a 60-foot wide right-of-way for a 41-foot back-to-back Of Stations 86+00 and 89+19. curb approach between. SECOND JUDGMENT AND DECREE OF CONDEMNATION - 2 B. The existing I? -;Pot ditch rider approach located at Station 85+54 Right (easterly) shall be constructed by the Plaintiff and at its sole cost and expense and shall further by for the sole use of the ditch company. If the property is developed in the future in such a manner that the ditch rider access point at Station 85+54 is no longer necessary, it shall be removed. 9. All Points of access, other than those described herein, between the subject property and Eagle Road are extinquished. 10. That the fee simple title to the Itereinabove described Parcel No. 24 be, and the same is vested. in the State of Idaho. CI,4I \ DATED this l day of April, 1989. ROBERT G. NEWHOUSE DISTRICT JUDGE STATE OF IDAHO � NTY OF ADA I IONN PASTIDA. CLVIN OF THE oL^.•rFiC7! Cl1^T GI TH cQ,�RTH JIJ IC; 4' D,:;TR!CT r,F T 6 COUNTY 0r Ao q(� (•,e:._' . `'Li' - %= `,•':� fiJ /!';,' OR E Tftua-ANDCOR� '(,Tr,: = ,r. ,T ''�E TO+: OIA;; IS Ifs t�IT:rc33YJtdS cGi, I I`?•_! �! FILEl?lil: SQr=FfCE. FIXEDAY OFFICAL SEAL T HIS�G y Cr JOHN FASTIGA, CLSFt 192 DEPUTY. A& Caur.;y, litho t� j�Gu�ct c! TIME ! DATE JCHN S. STID BY SECOND JUDGMENT AND DECREE OF COtdnEMNATION _ 3 '- J j4 ec � -10 . F- EZ-3271(4•i) Parczl No. 24, Id. No. 31900 Flay NO. 4340 -P. RCEL N0. Z; A Oar-eT ox land ta_^C t i2 E25t8r1 �JdC, `�rJ�BCt 1C. F- ^ j7 Z � . v S-C Of t'^.e tented •Co v - ( ay - EaCLE ti -eo_ now on file in t ie� -� fi-g"w-_ Su_vey 3s shown on t o g1a :s mint C vis;Jn orc_ca of t_.e "aaO t,o I or a_c,:wa_r3, and bei: a Transpor__t_an De:sr.. r, 9, Toar.s;:ic 3 Nvrta Rance -tea _or- an or tie y:T_S:v � or ac- follcws, t7_W-' .. ' �' 1 East, ., BQIS: i�e_ iCian o d sc;_cec as -- 3ecinn=ng at tree NOCuhwesr cornee f o Race T t O� the i�v'I$;t1 j w Sec-_C Eases, BOis2 i'1 �i3:l _ 1 9l..lvai:e: the^cs Easta=� Y• alone F - tie Ncc'h line a rj^ C:e cc i-cs, to 'a point in a 1� oS? Q A14v�_S:V� 2 d�S`.3nr QC 70.0 Eas..--_v f^ .,v : ara__ej i6. _v^R t.. ca!1C3^line and be r3 •JOut1 9u°3lW ona•'C 7Q.0 yea= flan 89-59.. 7 0� i 4 ° t` S Sary said Eagle Road, DrojPct No. g_ 3 ..as __o:z ta- :-3271 (4-') __c :way thence South 1*23117" West along Point the s2'-d a=-311s? line 4 3.50 feet to a Xeta In t._ Nortze='1_v line of tze tract o� lard as _ s and Bounds Desc_ describes by ^i�t:on or tz� exception in that car-,; tie Des4 date•? AOril 29, 1967 �__n W 7963 , recaried Dece;rber 19 a zQr`ncJ den;.8w r_c^rds of Ada County, Idaio �,;z: 197 �s Instrsz_•. No. with t e NOr taerld ivy line o, i -c Nor 'herly i:,e cJ i -c' PaCeS 3721 n� �% tJ a Dlat tier? f 7ar: O r'J�II1a=.:_ ??:,'{ jQ.^.' islon, accords Block 2 ti in Bo a.. 372', records of Ad O� a5 0= o1=ts zt z County, Idaizo;, the -ice alone the irregular tar Nor:zerly lire of said tract of l follows: SOuth 84°19'57" West (shcwn oz recor3 tJ be SOut:s and as 12` West) 32.10 feet to a ty corner, record to be Svuta 1°21r18"rWest) 43.53Souoh 20491351, West (shown of {shown cd record to be Nort ° �. " North 85°13'2-" nest 1'esterl L86 41 48 nest) 12.14 feet to the most Y corner Of said trac,. Of land bein5 a point in tze Eas;erly rich, O.6 wa_v line Of existing Eagle Road and bears Sough 88 3._ 25.0 feet from Station 8;�g8.08 of said F_ig:hway Suryev; _ ° "43" East t:into -North 88°31'43" 'rTest aid NW ;23.0 fes: to a point in t7e trT , .'5;1�1 - esz. line Qf the:ce eVvv.along sal_ Wes: line 460.0 fait, mor= P_:.C� Oc 1 'VG. Or less, to Eighway Station Reference: 8yT98.08 to 89=33.17 The area above described contains aoceoxi acres of whic is ac�Cnowledged to be a `era `ly 1.572' 0.8294 acres on Of a Public road, n39a 1 of 2 VL...�� 1. F:O'ecc No. F-FR-3271(44) P'--s' No. 24, -Id. No. 31904 3a_, Nc. 43:0 OC wa:r fanc_nc to :;,,a. be coast=t:cc_3 to des' c? Sze Fcocercv i a is nat re:e_sariiv o: waY genc _ 1 a and an v'r-3^co ba_ e= : s : lac - _ _7 t ,. y ZiC t le actual prcca: �! 1i ! .., +e j;^Ze C:,nS:s2_ as 3 [IlOC2.._CaC_On`OC 3?t?e3a_C:_ AND PARCEL No. e3S2'_nt t0 Q + + o r.aor., Occ' and ; .�="n In a "L'OLtidn of t:le N;y:1j' 17V C52 a St_ .� Oi lartC: 5.0 .rc3:�C3 1 GaSL., P.O1S2 �ierididrl„ ti3�Sr Of'Sec-lcr. C9, ':o;;; °li_ 3 14ort%,, w'- to Cashrly side - t es�__Iy side of w=Ci is cc;; ._;e.� or he above de --i� :. .._ ya. 211 .7nQ 1 ji ng be=gee^ the-`= par -a! o_ lard Nar�as=l,r !;-- �__:< Sind:• i_; , _ of Lo= ? c' 3_cc:c 2 - % --on, A.: CJczt-, o= n a , zCa..o Z.^.0 t_+.a i*C= t7 Z� 1S Of SG� a..d COri�3lAinC aJOLOX1�at_?Tr Q.�Y%� Const SczinC r dCL2S JC the Dt;r� OS2 Of t�le_eon an irrigation ditch and/or pi?eii:_ and Eacili��es tOCEt J ertZ the ri ht and p'rivijeCe Oi incL35S d;1C e--?ti, to a[1C r=;,� said n a �, for said purpose. F3_z 2 of 2 `-' RECEIVED MIC HAEL J. KANE KANE & TOBIASON, LLP 1087 West River Street, Suite 100 Post Office Box 2865 Boise, Idaho 83701-2865 Telephone: (208) 342-4545 Facsimile: (208) 342-2323 Idaho State Bar No 2652 BEFORE THE IDAHO TRANSPORTATION DEPARTMENT FEB 21,2007 City of Meridian City Clerk Of In the Matter of the Encroachment ) Encroachment Application Application No. 03-05-392, ) No 03-05-392 } J ACKS ON FOOD S T ORE, } FINDINGS OF FACT, } CONCLUSIONS OF LAW Appellant } AND PRELIMINARY ORDER } This matter came on for hearing on December 20, 2005, at the .Idaho Transportation Department Building in Boise, Idaho.. The hearing was based upon an appeal brought by facksons Food Stores (hereinafter "Jackson") pertaining to Encroachment Application No 03- 05-392 Iacksons was tepresented at the hearing by Brian Ballard and Geoffrey Wardle of Hawley, Iroxell, Ennis and Hawley, LLP The Idaho Transportation Department (hereinafter "ITD") was represented by Steven Party, Deputy Attorney General. Both parties presented sworn testimony on behalf of their respective positions. The pasties stipulated to numerous exhibits I. STANDARD OF REVIEW Ihis action is an appeal in accordance with the appeal mechanisms set forth for denial of variances to right-of-way encroachment applications. Iacksons argues that the agency denial of FINDINGS OF FACL CONCLUSIONS OF LAW AND PRELIMINARY ORDER - P 1 c both the encroachment application and the variance are not supported by substantial evidence on the record as a whole and that the denial was arbitrary, capricious, or an abuse of discretion. II. ISSUES Although there are subsidiary issues, the main issues presented are as follows: 1 Jackson is in possession of a warranty deed wherein Jacksons claims that its predecessor in interest in the land obtained access to the east side of Eagle Road, just south of Pine Avenue..' Jacksons sought an encroachment permit based upon this previously granted access Relying upon the same documents as .Jacksons, ITD denies the existence of this approach. 2. Jacksons asserts that the denials of the encroachment application and the subsequence variance application were arbitrary and capricious and/or an abuse of'discretion ITD asserts that ITD staff followed procedures found within the Idaho Code, IDAPA and the ITD Access Management: Standards and Procedures, and that the denials by ITD of the encroachment application and the variance were based on the paramount requirement of public safety f III. FINDINGS OF FACT I, having heard the testimony, having reviewed the admitted exhibits, having reviewed the post -hearing memoranda of'both parties, having considered the matter herein, and being advised in the premises of the law, make the following Findings of fact: A. Undisputed Facts. In April of 1989, ITD and Jacksons' predecessor in interest (the Dobarans) entered into a stipulation for settlement resulting in a document entitled "Second Judgment and Decree of 1 It should be noted that the various exhibits interchangeably refer to Pine Avenue and Pine Sneet, often in the same document FINDINGS OF FACT, CONCLUSIONS OF LAW AND PREIIMiNARY ORDER - P 2 Condemnation" executed by District Judge Newhouse on April 19, 1989 The Second Judgment contains three (.3) paragraphs that are at issue in this appeal. Paragraph 5 of the Second .judgment states in its entirety: Plaintiff will construct, at its sole cost and expense, one 40-foot approach at Station 89+18.17 (easterly) side of Project F-FR- 3271(44). Paragraph 6 states in its entirety: Plaintiff hereby grants to Defendants or their successors or assigns the right to construct in the future, for development purposes on the property, a right of access for- a 60-foot wide right-of-way for a 41-foot back-to-back of curb public street approach between 86+00 and 88+50, the cost of the construction of this approach shall be at the expense of Defendants or their successors or assigns. Paragraph 7 states in its entirety: Plaintiff' further grants to the Defendants or their successors or assigns the right to close the access points referred to in Paragraphs 5 and 6 of this Judgment and construct, at its sole expense and cost, a tight of access for a 60-foot wide right-of-way for a 41-foot back-to-backjof curb approach between Stations 86+00 and 89+18 The only other paragraph of the Second .Judgment in contention is paragraph 9, which reads in its entirety: All points of access, other than those described herein, between the subject property and Eagle Road are extinguished The plaintiff referred to in the Second Judgment is IID The defendants are the Dobarans At the time of the agreement between IID and the Dobarans, the Dobarans' property consisted of farm fields. FINDINGS OF FACT, CONCLUSIONS OF LAW AND PRELIMINARY ORDER - P. 3 The as -constructed plans for Project F-FR-327(44) demonstrate that a forty (40) foot approach was constructed at Station 89+18.38 on the east side of Eagle Road This approach apparently was blocked by a gate. At the time, Pine Avenue did not exist. In 2001, the Ada County Highway District (hereinafter "ACHD") constructed the Eagle Road —Pine Avenue intersection This intersection completely covered the approach and the gate located at Station 89+18.38 Sometime after 1989, a gentleman named Van Auker and his joint venturers acquired a portion of the Dobarans' property. Van Auker in tarn deeded some or all of this property to Jackson in March of 2005 the legal description of the property transferred coincides with the southeast corner of the Eagle Road — Pine Avenue intersection.. The Second .Judgment is referred to obliquely in the legal description, as referencing the location ofthe transferred property. The deed also purports to transfer to Jacksons the property's "appurtenances " By 2005, the complexion of the area surrounding the property of contention had changed dramatically The area had become developed and Eagle Road had become a Type IV arterial. Eagle Road at the intersection of Pine Avenue contains four (4) lanes with a double left turn signal proceeding from the northern portion of the intersection onto the southern portion of Pine Avenue, with a double left turn lane on the east portion of Pine Avenue directing traffic in a southerly direction onto Eagle Road, Eagle Road does not contain a right turn lane at the southern portion of the intersection of Eagle Road and Pine Avenue, .Jacksons seeks to place a food store and gas station on its property at the intersection of Eagle Road and Pine Avenue. Jt has acquired an approach directly onto Pine Avenue which appears to be limited as a tight-inlright-out approach. It apparently also as acquired a full access approach on adjoining property to the east through a cross -access agreement. FINDINGS OF FACT, CONCLUSIONS OF LAW AND PRELIMINARY ORDER - P 4 In .Tune of 2005, .Jack Davis, representing Jacksons, filed for a right-of-way encroachment application and permit, designated as a "new approach" on Eagle Road at Jacksons' property The proposed approach is a tight -in only approach onto Jackson' property off Eagle Road. In order, to improve safety at that approach, .Jacksons also has proposed to construct a right turn lane at the southwest comer of the Eagle Road — Pinc Avenue intersection the right tum lane would be constructed by Jacksons in an effort to mitigate yearend collisions that could occur if" Eagle Road remained unimproved at that location The right turn lane is preceded by a taper lane. The right -in only approach would appear to be located approximately 100 feet from the beginning of the taper lane, leaving a 300 foot deceleration lane extending to the Pine Avenue intersection This approach and deceletation/right turn lane was designed by Patrick Dobie of Dobie Engineering, Inc , who also provided a traffic impact study to 1TD at the time of the request for the encroachment permit On .June 24, 2005, Mr. Davis was notified in writing by Kevin Sablan, P..E.., an ITD district assistant traffic engineer, that ITD's Tgcommendation would be for denial of the permit. the stated reason for the proposed denial was that the approach "does not meet spacing requirements for Type IV access control (half mile intervals).." Assuming that Jacksons would apply for a variance, Mr. Sablan placed the permit application on the agenda for consideration of the variance.. In other words, it appears that Mr. Sablan recommended treating the encroachment application as a de facto request for- a variance On July 12, 2005, Mr Sablan informed Mr. Davis that the encroachment permit application had been denied. It is unclear from the letter whether, Mr Sablan was referring to the original permit application or a review of the application as if it were a variance request. On July 19, 2005, Jacksons, through their attorneys, informed ITD that it wished to appeal Mr FINDINGS OF FAC7, CONCLUSIONS OF LAW AND PRELIMINARY ORDER - P. 5 Sablan's decision. It is unclear from the letter whether, Jacksons was under the impression that it was appealing a denial of a variance request as well as denial of the application for the permit Sometime after the July 19, 2005, letter from .Jackson to ITD, a meeting was held among the attorneys for the ITD and .Jacksons. Apparently, ITD produced the 1989 Second .Judgment and claimed that the approach Jacksons apparently thought it had obtained from Van Auker had been extinguished On August 31, 2005, IID officially denied the permit application First, ITD claimed that the Second Judgment had extinguished all tights of access to the parcel with the exception of the construction of Pine Avenue_ Second, ITD stated that the application did not comply with ITD's variance policy. B. Interpretation of the Second Judgment of Condemnation. Limited testimony was presented at the appeal hearing regarding the meaning of paragraphs 5, 6 7 and 9 of the Second Judgment and Decree of Condemnation. Instead, each party relies on the language contained in the judgment and cross-references the judgment to other exhibits. Each party argues that its position is demonstrably clear and then argues the legal ramifications of their position. ITD claims that the relevant paragraph to be reviewed is paragraph 7 IID states that this paragraph can only mean that the Dobarans intended to construct a public street somewhere between Stations 86+00 and 89+18 When Pine Aw,-, — ___ , --. .. . construction resulted in the extinguishment of the rights of access contained in paragraphs 5 and 6. IID further argues that paragraph 6 refers to another public street approach which was never constructed I'ID does not discuss the meaning of paragraph 5. .Jacksons argues that the judgment (based on a stipulation that was presumably drafted by ITD) unambiguously granted to FINDINGS OF FACT, CONCLUSIONS OF LAW AND PRELINUNARy ORDER - P 6 the property owner (not ITD and certainly not ACHD) the ability to put an approach at the property owners' expense anywhere between Stations 86+00 and 89+18. lID claims that the deed between Van Auker and Jacksons is silent as to access rights, and implies that any right-of-way that may have existed did not run with the land 1113 also points out that the adoption of' Jacksons' argument would imply that ACHD's right-of-way at Pine Avenue is invalid.. Iacksons rejoins that 1113 drafted the condemnation agreement and judgment and IID has to live with the results. Jacksons then goes on to assert that it probably did not even need to apply for an encroachment permit in the first place because it already had a right of access.. Ihere is no way to know the actual state of mind of the parties in 1989 As stated previously, no testimony was presented whatsoever as to what Dobaran or I1D really intended to mean by their stipulated judgment However, some things are clear. As stated by ITD, the context of'the negotiations at the time involved farm field applications.. ITD apparently held up its end of the bargain when it constructed a 40-•foot approach at iStation 89+18 38. Dobaran then had the option of' constructing a second right of'access somewhat to the south of the constructed 40-foot approach. This was apparently at the complete option of'Dobatan, both as to the location of that approach and the timing.. In the alternative, Dobaran could have placed an approach larger than the 40-foot approach mentioned in paragraph 5 at the location of the 40-foot approach and expanded it to a 60-foot wide right-of-way, or placed that approach anywhere south to Station 86+00. Reading paragraphs 5 and 6 together, it is clear that Dobatan had complete control over the process. If' Dobaran chose to place the approach anywhere north of Station 88+50, the 40-foot approach at Station 89+18 17 would be extinguished. Paragraph 9, on its FINDINGS OF PAC], CONCLUSIONS 01 LAW AND PRELIMINARY ORDER - P 7 face, was not designed to be a trigger as to the extinguishment of the approaches mentioned in paragraphs 5, 6 or 7. I find that when Pine Avenue was constructed at its present location, it de facto extinguished the approach mentioned in paragraph 5 (presumably through condemnation) Whatever Pine Avenue is and however it got there, it is clearly not a 40-foot approach and cannot be "extinguished" at the option of Jackson in accordance with paragraph 7. Simply put, the 40- foot approach mentioned in paragraph 5 and Pine Avenue are not the same thing. I further find that building of Pine Avenue was not a trigger that extinguished the alternate approaches found in paragraphs 6 and 7 Pine Avenue was apparently constructed by ACHD and the trigger, for the extinguishment of' the approaches contained in paragraphs 5 and 6 was that Dobaran or his successors were to build the approach in question That did not happen. I further find that although the warranty deed between Van Auker and Jacksons did not specifically mention the right of access, that right of access is an appurtenance Appurtenances are defined as things which aid incidental to land to be used for the lands benefit Black's Law Dictionary, 6`" Ed. Rights -of -way are considered to be appurtenances. Northwestern and Pacific Hypotheekbank v Hobson, 59 Idaho 119, 80 P.2d 793 (1938). In short, Dobaran and his successors had a paper tight of access that ran with the land but that was unused. Although Jacksons has a paper, right of' access to Eagle Road, this does not mean that it has the right to immediately construct an actual encroachment without ITD regulation and approval Ihis is so because ITD has the unequivocal power and duty to continuously monitor and regulate, relocate or even remove "any approach or its appurtenances within the highway right-of-way, when necessary for maintenance, rehabilitation, reconstruction FINDINGS OF FACT, CONCLUSIONS OF LAW AND PRELIMINARY ORDER - P 8 or ►elocation of the highway and/or to provide proper protection of life and property on, or adjacent to, the highway IDAPA 39..03 42 300 13 If anything is certain, ITD has the power to deny partial access to private property when such an action bears a reasonable relationship to public safety or the general welfare. Only in those circumstances where ITD behaves in an arbitrary manner or "transgresses the bounds or reasonableness" will there be a taking of'private property for public use Johnston v. Boise City; 871daho 44, 52, 390 P 2d 291 (1964); see also City of Coeur d'Alene v Simpson, 2005 Westlaw 286936 (2005). I find that ITD was within its powers and duties to require facksons to file a right-of-way encroachment application. While the right of access in question may not have been "new" on paper, it was certainly new in reality and subject to ITD regulation.. C. The Application Process.. As noted previously, it was the determination of ITD, following the unanimous recommendation of ITD staff, to deny the application. I find that ITD was correct in denying the application. This result was dictated by IDAPA 39..0.3.42.400.03 which states in pertinent part that "all approaches and signals shall be spaced" at half -mile intervals in urban areas_ (emphasis added). Indeed, it appears that .facksons tacitly accedes to the notion that ITD was within its powers in denying the application as it has presented no compelling argument that ITD's interpretation of the application or rules was in error . A subsidiary issue that has been raised regarding spacing requirements arises from a document apparently prepared by ITD staff that was circulated and ultimately found its way into the hands of Jackson' expert, Mr Dobie The document, which appears on its face to be a 2002 FINDINGS OF FACT, CONCLUSIONS OF LAW AND PRELIMINARY ORDER - P 9 update of the ITD Access Management Standards and Procedures for Highway Right -of -Way Encroachments, purports to amend spacing requirements on Type IV atteiials somewhat The language apparently relied upon by Jackson expert reads as follows: Type IV — Private or Commercial Approaches — Requests for new approaches and all requests for changes in existing access in Type IV access control shall be required to meet or exceed the minimum spacing standards stated in Type III and have prior legal rights of access, unless a variance of policy has been approved by the chief' engineer This language purports to come from page 74 of a document entitled "ITD Access Management: Standards and Procedures for Highway [light -of -Way Encroachments." The controversy arises from the fact that Type III spacing for encroachments under the purported document is reduced to quarter -mile from half -mile spacing Hence, it was opined by Mr. Dobie that Jackson request met ITD access management standards because the approach was firrther than quarter -mile fiom the intersection at Pine Avenue and a prior legal right existed. Unfortunately, despite the fact that the aforementioned amendment was printed as an ITD 3 document and appears in every respect to be taken from a valid ITD policy manual, the amendment was never officially adopted by ITD Although it is unclear as to when it was discovered that 1113 had disseminated some of the unadopted standards (apparently called the "2002 document"), it now appears that the "2001 document" relating to 11D access management is the applicable standard This standard was on the internet throughout the time period that Mr Dobie was preparing his traffic impact study 1413 asserts that Mr Dobie's opinion that the proposed access is within ITD driveway spacing criteria, is based upon the "2002 document." His opinion is erroneous, says ITD, because the document never was adopted, and therefore his opinions should be excluded FINDINGS OF FACT, CONCLUSIONS OF LAW AND PRELIMINARY ORDER - P. 10 Jackson' expert apparently relied upon a document that to all intents and purposes appeared to be a valid ITD management standard the fact that the assistant chief engineer had never seen the document and the fact that the document had never been formally adopted by ITD cannot be held against Mr Dobie Nevertheless, I am constrained to find that the law as to whether or not a variance should be granted in this matter is the 2001 document. While I must find that Mr- Dobie's opinion that Jacksons' request falls within the spacing requirements of ITD is erroneous, there is much more to his testimony and traffic impact study than that on the issue of whether or not the variance should be granted For the record, I am not going to exclude Mr. Dobie's testimony and impact study from consideration, except for the aforementioned opinion, which in any event is a legal conclusion that must be made by the fact finder. D. The Variance Application. .Jacksons followed all appropriate procedures in applying for the permit, which included the forwarding of a traffic impact study, prepared by Pat Dobie of Dobie Engineering, Inc, to IID As noted previously, ITD correctly rejected the application.. This rejection triggered a review of ITD's variance policy It appears that both Jacksons and ITD acceded to the need for a variance review_ It appears that a meeting between attorneys for Jacksons and attorneys for ITD took place, but no agreement was reached Ultimately, the variance was denied for three (.3) reasons: ITD believed it acquired all access rights; the property had allegedly adequate access off Pine Avenue; and granting access would not improve traffic safety on Eagle Road ITD's variance policy is found in its 2001 Access Management: Standards and Procedures for Highway Right -of -Way Encroachments. The policy begins with the following cautionary language: FINDINGS OF FAG?, CONCLUSIONS OF LAW AND PRELIMINARY ORDER - P 11 1*� Access management standards and procedures set minimum requirements that should be met or exceeded under normal conditions. However', unique conditions can make the application of standards and policies impractical or impossible Thus, the district or delegated local highway agency can consider- variances when practicable. As can be seen, this language is hedged with advisory terms stating recommended but not mandatory conditions the policy then goes onto state: Variances shall not cause a reduction in traffic safety, operational efficiency, or, functional integrity of each highway classification. A more restrictive variance policy is in effect as the level of access control becomes more stringent, Hence, it is a mandatory condition that any applicant for a variance must demonstrate that highway safety and operations will not be degraded. Beyond that, there apparently is a sliding scale toward a more restrictive review as the variance is applied to the access type. the language in the policy then states that a variance may receive favorable consideration: • If the variance would improve traffic safety or operations. • If' the variance allows access to a landlocked parcel having no reasonable alternative access and having no significant impacts to safety or traffic operations The word may is interpreted under the guidelines as a permissive condition No requirement is intended A request for a variance may not be granted: • If the variance would negatively impact safety. • If the variance would degrade traffic operations of the system • If reasonable alternative access is available As stated previously, degradation of safety or traffic operations will doom the request for- a variance automatically It appears that the use of the words "may not" means that if reasonable FINDINGS OF FACT, CONCLUSIONS OF LAW AND PRELIMINARY ORDER - P 12 alternative access is available to the applicant, it might result in an unfavorable decision, but not necessarily must From all this, it appears that each variance is to be considered on a case -by -case basis with an eye towards statewide consistency. The parties seem to agree that the variance decision is entirely discretionary and will not be overturned absent a demonstration that the decision is arbitrary or capricious, or not based on substantial evidence. Although Jacksons takes ITD to task for applying concepts found within zoning law to the concept of a variance, it appears that the concepts in zoning laws to variances are both reasonable and intended by TTD Variances maybe granted upon special circumstances (whether' denoted as unique, peculiar or some other term) when the public interest will not suffer. Are the circumstances in this case unique? If' find that they are, facksons has a paper Tight of access already agreed upon with ITD It proposes to exercise that right of access, and does so in a way that the ITD engineers testified would be the safest use of the right of access available As will be seen, the question comes down to whether- it is reasonable to require the landowner to use the access points off Pine Avenue or whether- this decision will in and of itself create further dangerous conditions it is recognized that the access management standards state that a variance may not be granted when: . the variance is requested due to a hardship created by the landowner or business This includes but is not limited to subdivision or partitioning of the property, conditions created by the proposed building footprint or location or onsite parking or circulation, or where the access management standards can be met but the result would be a higher site development cost. I find that facksons did not set out to create a hardship.. Rather, Tacksons applied for an encroachment permit in order to maximize the use of its property. I am cognizant of .facksons' FINDINGS OF FACT, CONCLUSIONS OF LAW AND PRELIMINARY ORDER - P 13 claims that truck access will be more difficult, but these concerns are not controlling. The question is whether a paper right of access can be extinguished, thereby creating a potential for a degradation of traffic safety at the alternate entries to the property. Under these ciretunstances, the application is "unique" enough to allow a variance to be heard. This was tacitly agreed to by fTD, when it unilaterally placed the application into the variance consideration process. 1TD asserts that the variance should be denied for the reason that alternative access is available ITD cites Merritt v. State, 113 Idaho 142, 742 P2d 397 (1987) in support of the proposition. Merritt is not controlling in this matter The Merritt court dealt with a condemnation situation in which two (2) of four (4) rights of access were condemned. The court found that the remaining access points were "reasonable" and therefore access to Metritt's property had not been "destroyed." This in turn meant that no taking had occurred. The Merritt case cannot be read to have created a rule in every case that the State can close some access to private land without restriction as long as other accesses remain.. The operative decision point in Merritt, as in the ITD access management standards, is whether reasonable alternative access is available. Reasonability must turn on public safety considerations. This is the heart of the matter at issue in this case Will denying the light -in only access degrade public safety by requiring entry off of Pine Avenue? Or, will the granting of the right-of-way encroachment degrade public safety in and of itself?Z Jackson has presented a fifteen (15) page traffic impact study accompanied by numerous appendixes. In addition, .Jacksons' expert, Mt. Dobie, testified as to his calculations and z As noted previously, reasonable alternative access is not mandatotily fatal to a variance request If the standard stated that variances would be denied in all cases of reasonable alternative access, the analysis would be different Instead, the guidelines use the words "may" and "may not" which are defined as "permissive" conditions No requirement is intended Hence, the issue of reasonable access only becomes one factor to be weighed if the applicants can demonstrate that public safety will be unproved. FINDINGS OF FACT, CONCLUSIONS OF LAW AND PRELIMINARY ORDER - P 14 Jacksons asserts that the decision was arbitrary and capricious and not based on substantial evidence. f1D has demonstrated that the appropriate procedures were gone through, but little more. As fai as the record is concerned, the traffic engineer's decision might have been based upon the same approach taken by Mr Sablan: that the variance should be denied because the application for the encroachment should have been denied.. It is unknown whether the engineer disagreed with W. Dobie's assessment regarding traffic safety or not. Because I cannot find that the traffic engineer- denying the variance engaged in a weighing of discretion, or did not act arbitrarily or capriciously, I am constrained to find that the traffic engineer was in error when the application for variance was denied. It may be that the traffic engineer believed that the right-of-way had been extinguished with the building of Pine Avenue, which also militates against the traffic engineer's final decision. I make these findings with some trepidation, It is clear to me that ITD's traffic engineers genuinely believe, as a matter of personal understanding, that Mr. Dobie's right -in only encroachment will not enhance public safety. Nevertheless, the record is what it is Neither of t ITD's engineers was able to demonstrate what was wrong with Mr.. Dobie's calculations or his ultimate opinion. Based on these highly unusual circumstances, .Jacksons has carried the day Nevertheless, it would serve Jacksons well to remember that the IDAPA Rules are clear that if an approach is constructed along Mr Dobie's recommendations and it buns that public safety has not been served, ITD has the power under the Rules to close the approach FINDINGS OF FACI, CONCLUSIONS OF LAW AND PRELIMINARY ORDER- P 18 Own IV" CONCLUSIONS OF LAW I The building of Pine Avenue did not extinguish Tacksons' paper right of access to Eagle Road. access. 2 ITD was correct in requiring an application process despite the paper right of 3, IT was correct in denying the application. 4. fTD has failed to demonstrate that the denial of the variance was not arbitrary or capricious, or not based on an abuse of discretion. IT IS SO ORDERED. A This is a preliminary order of the hearing offcei It can and will become final without further action of the agency unless any party petitions for reconsideration before the hearing officer issuing it or appeals to the hearing officer's superiors in the agency. Any party may file a motion for reconsideration of this preliminary order with the hearing officer, issuing t the order within fourteen (14) days of the service date of this order. The hearing officer issuing this order will dispose of the petition for reconsideration within twenty-one (21) days of its receipt, or the petition will be considered denied by operation of law See section 67-5243(3), Idaho Code B Within fourteen (14) days after, (a) the service date of this preliminary order; (b) the service date of the denial of'a petition for reconsideration from this preliminary order; or (c) the failure within twenty-one (21) days to grant or deny a petition for reconsideration from this preliminary order, any party may in writing appeal or take exceptions to any part of the preliminary order- and file briefs in support of the party's position on any issue in the proceeding FINDINGS OF FACT, CONCLUSIONS OF LAW AND PRELIMINARY ORDER - P. 19 NFWI ..01 to the agency head (or designee of the agency head) Otherwise, this preliminary order will become a final order of the agency C Many party appeals or takes exceptions to this preliminary order, opposing parties shall have twenty-one (21) days to respond to any party's appeal within the agency. Written briefs in support of or taking exceptions to the preliminary order shall be filed with the agency head (or designee) The agency head (or designee) may review the preliminary order on its own motion D If the agency head (or designee) grants a petition to review the preliminary order, the agency head (or designee) shall allow all parties an opportunity to file briefs in support of or taking exceptions to the preliminary order and may schedule oral argument in the matter before issuing a final order. The agency head (or designee) will issue a final order within fifty-six (56) days of receipt of the written briefs or oral argument, whichever is later, unless waived by the Patties or for good cause shown. The agency head (or designee) may remand the matter for, further, evidentiary hearings if further, factual development of the record is necessary before issuing a final order. E Pursuant to sections 67-5270 and 61-5272, Idaho Code, if this preliminary order becomes final, any party aggrieved by the final order or orders previously issued in this case may appeal the final order and all previously issued orders in this case to district court by filing a petition in the district court of the county in which: 1. A hearing was held, 2, The final agency action was taken, 3. The party seeking review of the order resides, or operates its principal place of business in Idaho, or HNDINGS OF FACT, CONCL USIONS OF LAW AND PRELIMWARY ORDER - P 20 4 The real property or personal property that was the subject of the agency action is located. F. This appeal must be filed within twenty-eight (28) days of this preliminary order becoming final_ See section 67-5273, Idaho Code The filing of an appeal to district court does not itself stay the effectiveness or enforcement of the order under appeal DATED this 47?C) day of March, 2006. KANE & T OBIASON, LLP BY: MICHAEL T. KANE CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE I HEREBY CERTIFY that on the day of March, 2006, I caused to be served a ttue and correct copy of the foregoing document by the method indicated below and addressed to the following: Mr. David Ekern, Director ✓ U.S. Mail Idaho Transportation Department Hand Delivery P O. Box 7129 Overnight Mail Boise, ID 83707-1129 Facsimile [0?iginal document transmitted for filing J Mt, Brian L Ballard Mr, Geoffrey Wardle Hawley, Troxell, Ennis & Hawley 877 Main Street, Suite 1000 P O Box 1617 Boise; ID 83701 Mt . Steven M. Party Office of the Attorney General 3311 West State Street P O Box 7129 Boise, ID 83107 �U S Mail Hand Delivery Overnight Mail Facsimile U.S. Mail Hand Delivery Overnight Mail Facsimile MICHAEL J KANE FINDINGS OF FACT, CONCI USIONS OF LAW AND PRELIMINARY ORDER - P 21 001-JACKSONS FOOD STORES G/L INCOME STATEMENT Page: 1 Prog: GL5100. Consol P&L -Stores PIS 4223 '. For Period 12/2006 Ended 12/31/2006 Date/Time: 02/27/2007 03:45-PM• -------------------------------------------- ----------- 7 Current ------------------- -------------------- Period------ ^-------- ---- ---------- : ------------ Yea'r�to-Date Description Actual. }. ------------' -----' --- ----- Prior Year t t Chg Actual ------------------^-- -- ---- - .t ------- -- Prior Year ----- ------- } V Ch --- --------------- - --- LOCATION - 105 - 0105 - Eagle 6;B t3e: _E C IVED GALLONS SOLD - 1-,240,553 Margin./ Cents Gal: 209,904 SALES F EB 2 7 2U-07 SALES - UNLEADED G 1,895,557 43.99 SALES - MID -GRADE - 224,474 5.21 ' SALES - PREMIUM GA 182,707 - 4.24 Cjty of Meridian SALES - DIESEL FUE 1,175,362 27.28 City Clerk Office TOTAL GAS/DIESEL. 3,478,100 80.72 D SALES - MERCHANDIS 763,154 17.71 LOTTERY SALES - NE 6,266 .15 GASOLINE VOLUME CR 26,021 .60 Car Wash Revenue 33,632 .78 MISC SALES REVENUE .1,809 .04 TOTAL SALES 4,308,983 100.00 0 GROSS MARGIN G/M - UNLEADED' 98,489 5.20 G/M - MID -GRADE 13,991 6.23. G/M - PREMIUM 15,756 8.62 G/M - DIESEL 81,668 6.95 G/M - MERCHANDISE 248,737 32.59 G/M - LOTTERY 6,266 106.00 G/M - CAR WASH' 24,418 72.60 G/M - ALL OTHER •27,830. 100.00 TOTAL GROSS MARGIN 517,154 12,00 .0 OPERATING EXPENSE DIRECT PAYROLL -161,219 2.35 PAYROLL RELATED 32,421 .75 - RENT & LEASING 1,336 .03 CREDIT CARD.EXPENS 63,719 1.48. MAINT & REPAIR ? 18,.396 .43 12S 649.76 Utilities - Other '25,618 :59 19 588.67 ADVERTISING/PROMO. - 1,733 .04 MATERIALS/SUPPLIES .13,548 .31 OUTSIDE SERVICES 2,185 .05 Inventory Over/Sho 3,650 .08 Cash Over/Short - 1,468 .03. TAXES & LICENSE 35,958 .83 1,695 21.27 INSURANCE EXP -. Gt. 3,919 .09 TRAVEL & ENTERTAIN' 396 .01 Spoilage / Breakag 8,349 .19 EMPLOYEE COSTS/BiJi 425 .01 - Dues & Subscripti6`.1,047 .02 LEGAL & PROFESSION 21,067 .49- 868 327.82 Bad Debt Expense 66 MISC. ALL OTHER 9,594- .22- INTEREST EXPENSE - 183,862 4.27 DEPRECIATION/AMORT 142,100 3.30 ALLOCATED. OVERHEAD 50,577 1.17 TOT OPER. EXPENSE 703,464 16.33 2,706 892.13 NET OPERATING INCO - 186,310- 4.32- 2,706- 783.92- RECEIVED FEB 2 7 2007 of meridian COMMENTS FOR INCLUSION IN RECORD C ty Office Notwithstanding that the following may have been discussed in Jacksons' oral presentation, the following comments are set forth in writing for presentation to the City for its deliberations, and for inclusion in the record, as follows: 1. There is a letter from Sue Sullivan of ITD in the packet, dated 2/8/07, which says ITD recommends denial because the matter is in litigation, and because ITD's previous denial was based upon Meridian land use policy. That is not consistent with the position ITD took in its brief in Jacksons pending district court appeal of ITD's denial. ITD, in its brief, said that ITD previously recommended that Jacksons go to the City of Meridian to obtain City approval, and then come back before ITD with its request for an access. ITD reasoned that such approach would do away with all the conflicts. Now ITD says something different. But ITD can't have it both ways. ITD says that it can't do anything until the City approves, and tells Jacksons to go seek City approval. And then it says that the City should disapprove because ITD has already disapproved based upon the City's original disapproval. Moreover, if ITD has exclusive jurisdiction of its highways, it cannot say that its decisions are dependent upon City ordinances. To say it differently: (a) ITD purportedly denies the application based upon a local land use decision. (b) ITD's then suggests that Jacksons go seek relief from Meridian and then come back to ITD. (c) When Jacksons does just what ITD has told it to do, ITD then claims that Meridian should deny the variance because ITD previously denied the application based upon Meridian Land Use. (d) That puts Jacksons in an untenable and incurable position. ITD denies based upon a land use decision, tells Jacksons to go get relief from the land use decision maker, and then recommends denial based upon original denial by the land use decision maker. This is an endless and absurd situation. 2. In April 1989, ITD and a party named "Dobarans," (Jacksons' predecessors in interest) entered into a stipulation for settlement of their ongoing condemnation dispute (ITD sued the Dobarans for a right-of-way take), which resulted in a Second Judgment being entered by District Judge Newhouse. This Second Judgment, among other things, granted to the Dobarans, and their successors and assigns, the right to construct in the future, for development purposes on the property, one or more accesses to Eagle Road. - 1 - RECEIVED ,- FEB 2 7 2007 City of Meridian City Clerk Office Clearly, ITD did not disclose the existence of the Second Judgment to Meridian in addressing Jacksons' original application for this site. ITD's engineer, Dan Coonce failed to disclose to Meridian that ITD had granted at least one if not two access points to the property Jacksons now owns when he wrote to Meridian in 2005 on Jacksons' initial application indicating that Meridian should deny Jacksons access to Eagle Road until Jacksons had applied first to ITD for an encroachment permit. Those letters were submitted to Meridian on April 18, 2005, and April 20, 2005. In ITD proceedings concerning Jacksons' variance request, the Hearing Officer issued a preliminary order finding that the Second Judgment granted Jacksons a right of access onto Eagle Road. The Director did not disagree with that determination in his overturning of the Hearing Officer's order. Instead, the Director, in denying Jacksons' application instead purportedly relied upon Meridian's prior decision to require Jacksons to remove access from Eagle Road, which of course was the direct result of Coonce's correspondence to Meridian. The existence of a right of access to Eagle Road as set forth in the Second Judgment, and conveyed to Jacksons predecessor in interest, as consideration for a taking of property cannot be denied. Jacksons has a judgment right to an Eagle Road access, which cannot be taken away simply by the unusual and unilateral decision of the ITD Director. Regardless of what transpired in the past, however, both ITD and Meridian are now aware of the Second Judgment right of access. If the City (or ITD) takes this right away without just compensation, then the matter is one of condemnation and of additional legal proceedings required because of the taking of this right without due process or the payment of just compensation. The additional legal proceeding would, of course, focus on how much Jacksons should be paid for the taking of this valuable right. It would seem a better way to proceed, now that this right of access is known by all parties, to recognize the same and simply allow Jacksons the very limited access it has proposed, together with the construction of the right turn lane that ITD claims is necessary, which Jacksons has also proposed constructing. It must also be noted that the Hearing Officer has already previously determined that Jacksons proposed limited right turn lane and combined deceleration/right turn lane would improve safety at the site. 3. This matter merits a variance because ITD's actions have precluded Jacksons from obtaining the right of access that it was entitled to at the time it made its initial application. ITD's actions have now caused Jacksons to be subject to Meridian's new ordinance and new regulations that were not even in effect at the time that Jacksons made its initial application. 4. The record before the City should reflect that Jacksons has come cooperatively before the City to see if there is a solution and to properly follow appropriate and recommended channels in seeking relief from unintended consequences. With all due respect, however, it must be noted that the arbitrary actions of ITD raise issues of constitutional liability not only for ITD, but also for the City. Thus, it must be set forth upon the record that Jacksons' appearance and cooperation in these proceeding before the City do not serve to waive any right Jacksons might have to assert enforcement of its Second Judgment right of access in future legal proceedings or, if access is denied, to assert its right to just compensation for the unfair taking, all of which rights are expressly reserved by Jacksons. -2-